The terrazzo surface is suitable for areas with certain moisture-proof (water-proof) requirements and high dust-proof, clean and other building ground projects, such as general assembly workshops and constant temperature and humidity workshops in industrial buildings. In civil buildings and public buildings, it is also widely used, such as airport terminals, hotel foyers and hospitals, dormitory aisles, toilets, dining rooms, meeting rooms, offices and so on.
How to make a cast-in-place terrazzo floor
Tools/Materials
Cement: No. 425 and above Portland cement and ordinary Portland cement should be used for the primary color terrazzo surface. For colored terrazzo, white or colored cement should be used. For the ground of the same single project, the same factory batch number of cement should be used.
Sand: Medium sand, passing through a sieve with an aperture of 0.63mm, the mud content shall not exceed 3%.
Stone (stone rice): clean and free of debris should be used marble particles, the particle size is generally 4 ~ 12mm unless there are special requirements, or a mixture of large, medium and small stones in a certain proportion. It is advisable to use the same batch of stones from the same production area for the same unit project. Stones with different colors and specifications should be stacked in different categories.
Glass strip: Determined by the design or cut from ordinary 3mm thick flat glass into a glass strip with a width of about 10mm (depending on the particle size of the stone), and the length is determined by the size of the block. ,
Copper strip: use ≥3mm thick copper plate, about 10mm wide (depending on the particle size of the stone), the length is determined by the size of the block, and the copper strip must be straightened before it can be used. Drill four holes with a diameter of 2mm per meter at the lower 1/3 of the copper strip, and thread them with iron wires for later use.
Pigment: Light-resistant and alkali-resistant mineral pigments are used, and the mixing amount is not more than 12% of the weight of the cement. Do not use acidic pigments. If colored cement is used, it can be directly mixed with stones.
Others: oxalic acid, floor wax, lead wire with a diameter of φ0.5～1.0mm.
steps/methods
Screed
⑴Break ash cakes and make punching ribs: the method is the same as the cement mortar plastering on the ground of the building.
⑵ Brush plain cement slurry bonding layer: The method is the same as the cement mortar plastering on the floor of the building.
(3) Spread cement mortar leveling layer: use 1:3 dry hard cement mortar for the leveling layer, first spread the mortar flat, then use a pressure ruler to press the punching ribs to level it, and then use a wooden trowel to smooth and compact it. The surface is required to be flat and dense. Keep it rough. After the leveling layer is applied, it should be watered and maintained for at least one day the next day.
Grid Mosaic
⑴After the leveling layer is maintained for one day, first pop up the vertical and horizontal two-way or pattern ink lines on the leveling layer according to the design requirements, and then cut the grid strips according to the ink lines.
⑵Use pure cement slurry to spread the lower part of the grid strip into a splayed angle and embed it firmly (about 30 degrees with the leveling layer), and the iron wire worn by the copper strip should be buried well. The smearing height of pure cement slurry is 3-5mm lower than that of the grid strips. The grid strips should be firmly inlaid, the joints should be tight, the top surface should be on the same plane, and the flatness and straightness should be checked through the line.
⑶ After the grid strips are inlaid, start watering and maintenance every 12 hours, at least two days.
⑴水泥石子浆必须严格按照配合比计量。彩色水磨石应先按配合比将白水泥和颜料反复干拌均匀，拌完后密筛多次，使颜料均匀混合在白水泥中，并调足供补浆之用的备用量，最后按配合比与石米搅拌均匀，并加水搅拌。
⑵铺水泥石子浆前一天，洒水湿润基层。将分格条内的积水和浮砂清除干净，并涂素刷水泥浆一遍，水泥品种与石子浆的水泥品种一致，随即将水泥石子浆先铺在分格条旁边，将分格条边约10cm内的水泥石子浆（石子浆配合比一般为1：1.25或1：1.50）轻轻抹平压实，以保护分格条，然后再整格铺抹，用木磨板子或铁抹子抹平压实，但不应用压尺平刮。面层应比分格条高5mm左右，如局部石子浆过厚，应用铁抹子挖去，再将周围的石子浆刮平压实，对局部水泥浆较厚处，应适当补撒一些石子，并压平压实，要达到表面平整，石子分布均匀。
⑶石子浆面至少要经两次用毛横扫粘拉开面浆，检查石粒均匀（若过于稀疏应及时补上石子）后，再用铁抹子抹平压实，至泛浆为止。要求将波纹压平，分格条顶面上的石子应清除掉。
⑷在同一平面上如有几种颜色图案时，应先做深色，后做浅色。待前一种色浆凝固后，再抹后一种色浆。两种颜色的色浆不应同时铺抹，避免串色。但间隔时间不宜过长，一般可隔日铺抹。
⑸养护：石子浆铺抹完成后，次日起应进行浇水养护。并应设警戒线严防人行践踏。
磨光
⑴大面积施工宜用机械磨石机研磨，小面积、边角处可使用小型手提式磨机研磨，对局部无法使用机械研磨时，可用手工研磨。开磨前应试磨，若试磨后石粒不松动，即可开磨。一般开磨时间同气温、水泥标号品种有关。
⑵磨光作业应采用“二浆三磨”方法进行，即整个磨光过程分为磨光三遍，补浆二次。
A、用60～80号粗石磨第一遍，随磨随用清水冲洗，并将磨出的浆液及时扫除。对整个水磨面，要磨匀、磨平、磨透，使石粒面及全部分格条顶面外露。
B、磨完后要及时将泥浆水冲洗干净，稍干后，涂刷一层同颜色水泥浆（即补浆），用以填补砂眼和凹痕，对个别脱石部位要填补好，不同颜色上浆时，要按先深后浅的顺序进行。
C、补浆后需养护3～4天，再用100～150号磨石进行第二遍研磨，方法同第一遍。要求磨至表面平滑、无模糊不清之感为止。
D、经磨完清洗干净后，再涂刷一层同色水泥浆。继续养护3～4天后，用180～240号细磨石进行第三遍研磨，要求磨至石子粒粒显露，表面平整光滑，无砂眼细孔为止，再用清水将其冲洗干净并养护。
⑶过草酸出光。对研磨完成的水磨石面层，经检查达到平整度、光滑度要求后，即可进行擦草酸打磨出光。操作时可涂刷10%~15%的草酸溶液，或直接在水磨石面层上浇适量水及撒草酸粉，随后用280~320号细油石细磨，磨至出白浆、表面光滑为止。然后用布擦去白浆，并用清水冲洗干净并晾干。
⑷上蜡抛光。按蜡：煤油=1：4的比例将其热熔化，并掺入松香水适量后调成稀糊状，用布将蜡薄薄地均匀涂刷在水磨石面上。待蜡干后，用包有麻布的木块代替油石装在磨石机的磨盘上进行磨光，直到水磨石地面光滑洁亮为止。
